----------------------------
On the whole this is a good presentation, which is the first time we are able to say this about Mr. Chalmers. He explains the topic well, uses the Scriptures correctly, and even reaches a proper and edifying conclusion.
Except on a couple of points, where his Calvinism/Reformed doctrine creeps in. Let's take a moment to examine those two items.
First, he writes,
"For those who are in Christ, the final judgment is not a trial to determine whether Christ has paid enough for our sins, the gospel has already answered that question."
Jesus did not pay for our sins. There is no Bible verse that says such a thing. Rather, he paid for us:
1 Cor. 7:23 You were bought at a price; do not become slaves of men.
1Pe. 1:18-19 For you know that it was not with perishable things such as silver or gold that you were redeemed from the empty way of life handed down to you from your forefathers, 19 but with the precious blood of Christ, a lamb without blemish or defect.
1Ti. 2:5-6 For there is one God and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, 6 who gave himself as a ransom for all men — the testimony given in its proper time.
There was no exchange. No bargaining. Nothing changed hands. Jesus didn't pay anybody to redeem us because no one was owed anything. Paying for our sins is not a concept found in the Bible.
Jesus' death was not financial, it was sacrificial.
We discuss this in detail here.
The second issue is this:
"We are sinners who deserve judgment. And yet the Judge entered his own courtroom. The one who will judge the living and the dead came into the world and stood condemned in the place of sinners. At the cross, Christ bore the judgment his people deserved."
Jesus' death was not a legal transaction. There is no courtroom where evidence is presented, and there is no presumption of innocence. There is no prosecutor, no jury, and no defense attorney.
There is no verse in the Bible that tells us that Jesus walked into court and took our place. None. Jesus did not substitute Himself for punishment, for indeed, no legal jurisdiction would allow such a thing.
Jesus did not die in our place. Rather, He gave His life for our sins:
1Pe. 3:18 For Christ died for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God.
Ga. 2:20 The life I live in the body, I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me.
Ep. 5:2 ...just as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us as a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God.
1Ti. 2:6 who gave himself as a ransom for all men...
Tit. 2:14 who gave himself for us to redeem us from all wickedness..."For" in all these verses is huper, which never means "in the place of." Huper means on behalf of, for the sake of, concerning. It was for our benefit He endured the cross. It was for our sake His blood was spilled.
Nor was Jesus punished for our sins. He died to spill His blood, for "without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness" (Hebrews 9:22). The blood itself is completely effectual:
Ephesians 1:7 In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins...
Ephesians 2:13 But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far away have been brought near through the blood of Christ.
Romans 5:9 Since we have now been justified by his blood, how much more shall we be saved from God’s wrath through him!
Jesus' sacrificial death alone is sufficient to satisfy the Father's wrath. There is no need or reason to punish Jesus in addition.
Therefore,
- Jesus' death was not a legal proceeding.
- Jesus' death was not financial.
- Jesus' death was not substitutionary.
- Jesus' death was sacrificial.
We discuss this in great detail here.
If the reader is able to keep these truths in mind, the article will be of benefit.
-----------------------------------